What do I do if someone makes an illustration or painting based on my photograph? (2024)

Topic: Copyright, Licensing
Time Investment: 5 minutes
Suggested Product: Ultimate Copyright Kit

As we know, only a copyright holder has the exclusive rights to a creative work, and only they can grant a person a license to use their image or work.

So what if you believe someone has imitated or copied one of your photographic images?

The short answer: If an artist makes an illustration or painting or any other work of art based on a photograph they may or may not be violating copyright law.

For example:if they base their painting on an oft photographed or painted location, generic subject matter, or an image that has been taken by numerous photographers they would likely not be violating copyright law.

However:if they create their painting, illustration or other work of art from a specific photograph orif your photography is known for a particular unique style, and their images are readily identifiable with you as the photographer, and an artist copies one of your photographic compositions orincorporates your photographic style into their painting or illustrationthey may be liable for copyright infringement.

A claim for copyright infringement is something you might want to consider if you believe that an artist has “extensively, obviously and knowingly” copied or imitated your work, and it is readily identifiable with you and your work. One famous case, as an example, involved a photographer who successfully sued artist Jeff Koons for not requesting permission or licensing before making a ceramic work that very closely resembled her photograph of a couple posing with multiple puppies while seated on a park bench.

Copyright Infringement is only possible if the artist did not request permission from you as the photographer in advance to use the image in question as a basis for their painting or illustration.

This is particularly the case where an artist requests permission and agrees with you in advance about how they intend to use the image where their work will be sold or used to make money.

If you believe a painting or illustration has been painted directly from one of your photographs, and that artist is selling that work in any form, you will likely want to consult with an attorney about copyright infringement.

When is using a photograph in the course of creating a painting not copyright infringement

Just like you might take inspiration from the work of another photographer, or artist, or ad campaign, if an artist creates a painting which is their own personal interpretation of a photographer’s techniques for creating visual effects, for example lighting or post production effects, and the artist or illustrator uses those techniques as inspiration for their painting or illustration rather than copying them directly, they are unlikely to have infringed your copyright. An artist can also use multiple reference photographs from multiple points of view or style and combine them in a new way.

At this stage, the most important question to ask is whether the painting or illustration is readily identifiable as a copy of your work?

This is where it can be helpful to have people around you that you trust to be honest with you to allow you to reality check you – are they seeing what you’re seeing? Having an Attorney as part of your team ensures you have someone you can trust to tell you the truth.

Artists, including photographers, borrow or appropriate the techniques of other artists both as part of the learning and training process and as part of being inspired to create. The question is how much and how directly they are inspired, how extensively and obviously they borrow, and in some cases the reason for which they have used your work as inspiration.

Fair Use

An artist who has used your work as part of their own may also not be infringing copyright if they make “fair use” of your work. Understanding “fair use” is important because this doctrine can be used as a defense against allegations of copyright infringement, this is because there are exceptions that allow for use of images if the use serves the public good by meeting certain exceptions.

Courts tend to measurefair useby these four points (sometimes referred to as prongs) outlined in §107 of the Copyright Act:

  1. the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
  2. the nature of the copyrighted work;
  3. the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
  4. the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

It’s been widely held that the first prong of fair use will be satisfied if an artist or any person uses the image for purposes of commentary, criticism, reporting, or teaching.

In addition, the Supreme Court has unequivocally held that a parody and or a satire may qualify as a fair use image under the Copyright Act since it’s a commentary on an original work.

It may be a hit to the ego, but if one of your images is used as the basis for parody or satire by an artist or illustrator, it is unlikely that you would be successful in claiming copyright infringement. This also covers the use of images in classroom settings for educational purposes, like you might see in art appreciation classes.

Derivative Works.

Let’s circle back to where we started and dig a little digger in legal terms. When we talk about an artist creating a painting or illustration directly from a photograph, what we are talking about in legal terms is the creation of a derivative work. The creation of a derivative work is by definition an infringement of copyright. The only person who can give permission for the creation of a derivative work is the owner of the copyright.

You may want to work with artists and illustrators on collaborations. If this is part of your practice or business as a Photographer, it’s a good idea to agree in advance, in writing, to any exchange of monies or the licenses you are willing to offer the artist in using your work, or indeed if you find the work of an artist or illustrator particularly inspiring and want to recreate their work in a photographic form and want to license their work for use in your own. If you are looking to draft a licensing agreement or contract, it is best to consult an Attorney.

What if you want to create an illustration or painting from your own photograph? That’s fine; because you own the copyright on your image. But you would also have copyright over the painting or illustration as it is a “new” work. For a work to be “new,” it must be different enough. Merely making minor changes to an original, copyrighted work doesn’t make a new work under copyright law. To reinforce, this does not mean that someone else can make minor changes to your work and claim they haven’t infringed the original copyright – this is the definition of copying!

What do I do if someone makes an illustration or painting based on my photograph? (2024)

FAQs

What do I do if someone makes an illustration or painting based on my photograph? ›

General Issues for Artists

When an artist uses a photograph for reference, the painting or artwork is called a derivative work. While the artist can maintain some ownership over their own work, they first need permission from the original photographer to use the photo for reference.

Do I need permission to make a painting or drawing based on a photograph? ›

General Issues for Artists

When an artist uses a photograph for reference, the painting or artwork is called a derivative work. While the artist can maintain some ownership over their own work, they first need permission from the original photographer to use the photo for reference.

Is it legal to paint from someone elses photo? ›

It is a breach of copyright to copy somebody else's creative work without permission, including photographs. However, this is not to be confused with looking at photographs for inspiration and ideas, just as you might study the work of other artists.

How do you reference an image without violating copyright? ›

3 ways to reference an image without violating copyright
  1. Use images with Creative Commons licences. Sites like Unsplash, Pexels and so on are pages that use a specific licensing called Creative Commons. ...
  2. Always ask permission to use a photo. ...
  3. Give proper credit to the creator of the photo.
Apr 18, 2022

Can someone use my artwork without my permission? ›

Generally, for copyright protected material, the person must acquire permission if the use is outside the bounds of fair use. If the material has protections in place under the law, or if the use would cause a violation, he or she will need permission from the owner.

Is a drawing of a photograph copyright infringement? ›

Derivative Works.

When we talk about an artist creating a painting or illustration directly from a photograph, what we are talking about in legal terms is the creation of a derivative work. The creation of a derivative work is by definition an infringement of copyright.

Can I sell a painting copied from photo? ›

It is illegal to sell, publicize and publish a copy of an artwork unless you have prior permission from the copyright owner. It is also illegal to publish and sell an artwork that's substantially similar to another original work of art.

How much do you have to alter an image to avoid copyright? ›

Accordingly, you cannot claim copyright to another's work, no matter how much you change it, unless you have the owner's consent.

What is an example of copyright infringement art? ›

If you find a piece of art, and illustration or a photo and use it without the creator's permission, then you are infringing on someone else's copyright. If you trace a photo you find online to make an illustration, you are infringing on someone else's copyright.

Can someone sue you for using their image? ›

In most states, you can be sued for using someone else's name, likeness, or other personal attributes without permission for an exploitative purpose. Usually, people run into trouble in this area when they use someone's name or photograph in a commercial setting, such as in advertising or other promotional activities.

Do screenshots fall under fair use? ›

Fair use applies to screenshots of movies and intellectual property in the same way. If screenshots of these materials are transformative, or if they depict a small part of an overall work, and don't act as a substitute for the original, there's a good chance your screenshot is legal.

Can a photographer use my photos without my permission? ›

Under copyright law, the photographer owns the copyright and can use it for any editorial use without permission of the person in the picture. Editorial uses are works like this article, where you are sharing information, not selling something.

How do you know if a photo is fair use? ›

Here's how to identify what's fair use or not on social media. It boils down to the original uploader's photo. If the picture's uploaded to the social media site for the public to see, it is fair use to reuse the image. However, if the owner stored it privately and someone obtained it unfairly, it's not fair use.

Can you get sued for copying someone's art? ›

Anyone found to have infringed a copyrighted work may be liable for statutory damages up to $30,000 for each work infringed and, if willful infringement is proven by the copyright owner, that amount may be increased up to $150,000 for each work infringed.

Can I use someone else's art style? ›

In the eyes of the law, you can't copyright a style, you can only copyright a specific work, so if someone starts to paint in your own style, with your own palette and compositions, using the same techniques, but does not literally copy one specific work of yours, it is still legal, although not the best way to be ...

Can you sue someone for copying your art? ›

“People take, right? But you can't sue them over it unless you've registered with the copyright office,” says Lehman. If you're concerned someone may infringe upon your original work, the best way to protect your rights is to register with the copyright office.

What is photography infringement? ›

Photography and Copyright Infringement

Copyright infringement occurs when someone uses one or more of a copyright owner's exclusive rights without the owner's permission and there is no exception or limitation in copyright law that otherwise allows for that particular use.

Is it OK to draw from photographs? ›

That's not an infringement. No one can copyright a composition. If you see a picture that inspires you, there is no reason why you can't do something similar. As long as all the components of your art are unique to you, that's fine.

What is infringement in photography? ›

In the realm of photography, any time someone creates a photograph that is a copy or “substantially similar” to another copyrighted work, they are potentially infringing upon the original owner's rights.

Can you sell art based on a photo? ›

You can, of course, do that. But as the artist, you still hold the copyright to that image. If you have an excellent photo of your work, you can also have reproductions printed. You might be able to sell those, unframed, for $25, $50 or $100, depending on the size, quality and what the market will bear.

Can you copy someone elses art and sell it? ›

If you copy another artists' work it is illegal to sell it as your own without permission from the original artist as this would infringe their copyright.

Can you sell pictures of someone else's art? ›

This means that although someone can always take a photo of the artwork, the artist (you) must give permission for them to receive income from that photo—also called a “commercial use.” Even so-called “illegal” or unauthorized art—graffiti or street art—is copyrighted from the moment of its creation and the artist must ...

Has anyone gone to jail for copyright infringement? ›

Artur Sargsyan, 30, of Glendale, California, was sentenced by U.S. District Judge Timothy C. Batten, Sr., to five years in prison to be followed by three years of supervised release, and ordered to pay restitution in the amount of $458,200. He was also ordered to forfeit $184,768.87.

What to do if an image is copyrighted? ›

It's by no means impossible to use an image that is copyright-protected – you just need to get a license or other permission to use it from the creator first. In most cases, using the work either involves licensing an image through a third-party website, or contacting the creator directly.

How do you get around copyright infringement? ›

Six steps to protect against copyright infringement claims
  1. Do not copy anything. ...
  2. Avoid non-virgin development. ...
  3. Avoid access to prior design work. ...
  4. Document right to use. ...
  5. Negotiate for enhanced warranty and indemnity clauses. ...
  6. Document your own work.

What is the most common copyright infringement? ›

Image and text are the two most common types of copyright infringement plagiarism. Whether music lyrics, academic writing, or stock photos, usually using them without informing the owner counts as copyright infringement. Here are some copyright infringement examples to watch for.

What art is not protected by copyright? ›

This means that ancient works (sculptures, paintings) such as Da Vinci's, Géricault's or Rembrandt's works are no longer protected by copyright – they are said to be part of the public domain. Accordingly, you are free to reproduce them.

How much can you copy without infringing copyright art? ›

You can use up to 10%, but no more than 1000 words, of essays, articles, or stories, of a single copyrighted work. You can use up to 250 words of an entire poem, or a portion of a poem.

Can you get sued for painting someone's picture? ›

The creator of the photograph, i.e. the photographer, usually holds the copyright to the photo and unless they've expressly given permission for its use, making a painting based on a photo would infringe the photographer's copyright.

Are photos considered defamation? ›

Modified photos that have been altered to scandalize persons or businesses are a clear defamation violation and are quite popular on social media. It is common for modified photos or videos to go 'viral'.

Can a photo be defamation? ›

Defamation: If the photograph produces a misleading impression and harms an individual's reputation, a claim for defamation may be made.

What happens if you screenshot a copyrighted picture? ›

Copyright law doesn't protect the facts themselves. Therefore, the interpretation of fair use is mainly determined on a case by case basis. In the case of using a screen capture, even if you source the image used in your screen capture, it can still be subjected to fair use interpretation.

What is considered not fair use? ›

Thus, using a more creative or imaginative work (such as a novel, movie, or song) is less likely to support a claim of a fair use than using a factual work (such as a technical article or news item). In addition, use of an unpublished work is less likely to be considered fair.

Are screenshots legally binding? ›

Even though it might seem unusual, screenshots are admissible evidence. Yes, you can use them as legal proof, but you can't just present them and expect everything to be okay. Time and date matter a lot in a litigation process.

Who owns the right to an image? ›

Generally, the author and initial copyright owner of a photograph is the person who “shoots” or “takes” the photo.

What are the rights to photographs? ›

Taking photographs and video of things that are plainly visible in public spaces is a constitutional right—and that includes transportation facilities, the outside of federal buildings, and police and other government officials carrying out their duties.

Can I ask photographer not to post photos? ›

If you don't want a photographer to use your photographs in their portfolio or for advertising purposes you always have the option to ask them not to. However you should do this before you enter into a contract with the photographer.

What does a copyright look like on a photo? ›

There are three elements which should be present in a copyright notice: The “c” in a circle, ©, or the abbreviation “Copr.” or the word “Copyright” The name of the copyright owner.

Are old photos copyright free? ›

Virtually every original prints of historical photographs published before January 1923 is now in the public domain. This means that anyone possessing an original image from 1922 or before can copy, prepare derivative works, distribute, or display the photograph without needing to obtain permission.

How can you tell if a picture is high quality? ›

Anything 300 PPI or over is usually considered to be high resolution. DPI –Dots Per Inch, is a measurement to determine the resolution of an image for printing. High resolution values for DPI are also generally considered to be 300 DPI or over.

Can illustration be copyrighted? ›

Every illustration you create is your property – you own it, you are the copyright holder. You can give permission for other people to use the illustration for free or for money, or you can sell the entire copyright.

Is it illegal to recreate someone's art? ›

Copying pre-existing works is legal, so long as the original work is in the public domain (meaning that the copyright on that work has expired).

Is it illegal to paint someone else's painting? ›

You are not to sell it, or redistribute the work without the original author's explicit permission. That said, feel free to reproduce an image just as practice. Feel free to use the same reference material as another artist. Your own works should be "substantially original."

Can you sell art that is based on other art? ›

Copyright Exists when a Work is Created

Their colors and angle and other choices make that version uniquely theirs. Another artist cannot come along and duplicate that work to use or sell for profit. That would be making profit on the original artist's efforts without permission.

When someone uses your art without permission? ›

Copyright infringement occurs when a third party uses any works protected by copyright without permission from the copyright owner. You do not need to prove that the wrongdoer intended to infringe your copyright or that they knew what they were doing was wrong.

What is the difference between copying and inspiration art? ›

An inspired writer adds something fresh to their writing, even if they borrow ideas. On the other hand, a plagiarist replicates the work of another individual. The creative process does not conclude with inspiration generation.

Can you go to jail for copying art? ›

It is legal to copy anything. It is illegal to sell, publicize and publish a copy of an artwork unless you have prior permission from the copyright owner. It is also illegal to publish and sell an artwork that's substantially similar to another original work of art.

Are you allowed to draw from photos? ›

Would it be considered bad art to draw a picture that you took? Using photographs as reference for a piece of art is perfectly acceptable (and sometimes essential) especially if the references are your own material.

What images can I use without permission? ›

Use Public Domain Images (a.k.a. 'No Copyright' Images)

Public Domain images have no copyright because: The copyright has expired. The work never had copyright to begin with. The copyright holder released the work into the public domain.

Do you have permission to use that image? ›

Generally, the person who created the image (photographer, graphic designer, artist) is the initial owner of the copyright and has the sole right to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works, sell, and license the image. Upon fixation of an image, copyright protection vests automatically by law.

Can you sell a drawing of someone elses photo? ›

Sure. If you create a work of art, you own the copyright to it, even when you sell it. That entitles you to copy it. The only time this is not true is if you create a work on contract and specifically give up your copyright to the person with whom you contracted.

Can I draw copyrighted images for personal use? ›

Copyright protection gives the owner the right to determine who copies, distributes or adapts the images for further use. The only way to legally use a copyrighted image is to obtain a license or an assignment from the copyright owner.

Is it illegal to photograph art? ›

Photographing public art is always allowed. It's the USE of that photograph, however, that may require your permission. This is where the concept of copyright comes in. In the U.S., we value the ability of artists and other creative people to make money from their own work.

What is an illegal image? ›

The most basic definition of a unlawful image crime in Pennsylvania is possessing, viewing, distributing, producing, or coercing a minor to participate in any type of material that shows or simulates a person under 18 years of age in a sexual act.

Is it legal to use someone else's image? ›

If you reproduce, publish or distribute a copyrighted work (or a work derived from a copyrighted work) without permission or a valid license – that's copyright infringement. If you want to use an image that's copyright protected, first get a license or permission to use it from the creator.

What is an example of photo consent? ›

I give permission to take photographs and / or video of my child. I grant full rights to use the images resulting from the photography/video filming, and any reproductions or adaptations of the images for fundraising, publicity or other purposes to help achieve the group's aims.

What is an example of a media consent form? ›

Media Consent: I, the undersigned, hereby consent to the use of my photograph or likeness in any publication, videotape, pamphlet or promotion by Community Solutions or other agencies which are promoting or furthering the mission of Community Solutions.

How do I ask for a photo consent? ›

There is no specific form you can use, and you could simply make your own. The basic information to include is the person's name, what they consent to, where they consent to the photograph being used, and the date.

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