We experience different situations every day when we need to calculate or compare things. Especially situations involving the sale or purchase of goods. The selling price is used to sell the item at a certain cost and can be calculated using the selling price formula. The amount that the buyer pays to buy the product is called the selling price. The actual selling price is the price the buyer pays to buy a product or service. This is the price that is higher than the cost of goods and includes a profit percentage. If the seller wishes, they can also keep the selling price similar to the cost price, if the buyer does not wish to gain profit. Determining the selling price is a very sensitive issue because sales of a product are largely based on it. We can calculate the selling price in various ways and formulas.
The Basic Formula
SP = CP + Profit
Where,
SP= Selling Price
CP= Cost Price
This chapter deals with selling price and its role in calculating the percentage of profit and loss. We also learn the difference between selling price and marked price. We also learn how to calculate the selling price of a product using different formulas. There are various examples that will help us understand better about the selling price of an object.
Important Selling Price Formula
Selling price = Cost Price + Profit
Selling price = Marked/List price – Discount
Selling price = (100+%Profit)/100 × Cost price
Selling price = (100− % Los)/100 × Cost price
Other Important Formulas Related To Selling Price
Element | Formula |
Cost price | Selling price – Profit |
Profit | Selling price – Cost Price |
Loss | Cost Price – Selling Price |
% Profit | Profit/Cost Price × 100 |
% Loss | Loss/Cost Price × 100 |
Selling Price Vs. Marked Price
Marked price also known as the list price is the price that a seller spells out to the purchaser while selling price is the price that the seller actually receives from the buyer after a bargain or making a deal. In general, the selling price is lower than the marked price. However, sometimes the selling price and the marked price can be the same also. A fixed price shop, meaning that the shopkeeper that does not offer any discount or price cut of any sort is an example of it.
Calculate Selling Price Per Unit
Following is the step-by-step procedure to calculate the selling price per unit:
Identify the total cost of all units being bought
Divide the total cost by the number of units bought to obtain the cost price.
Use the selling price formula to find out the final price i.e.: SP = CP + Profit Margin
Margin will then be added to the cost of the commodity in order to identify the appropriate pricing.
Thus, the selling price per unit formula to find the price per unit from the income statement, divide sales by the number of units or quantity sold to identify the price per unit.
For example, given sales of $80,000 for the year and 2,000 units sold, the price per unit is Rs.40 (80,000 divided by 2,000).
How to Calculate Cost-Plus Pricing
Markup is the amount of difference between an item’s cost and its selling price. Usually, depending on the industry type, it is demonstrated as a percentage of the cost.
Margin also referred to as Gross Profit) = Selling price – Cost of goods sold (COGS).
Margin and Markup move in tandem. For example, a 40% markup is always equivalent to a profit margin of 28.6%, while a 50% markup is always equivalent to a margin value of 33%.
Cost Price
Cost price is actually the ultimate price at which the seller buys the product or service. He then adds a percentage of profit to it. The list price or marked price is the price which a seller fixes after adding the needed percentage of profit.
Solved Examples
Example: Maria marks all her products 30% above the cost price and offers a discount of 5% on the marked price. She is of the viewpoint that she will earn a profit of 20%. What do you think is the percentage of the profit she earns?
Solution:
Let the cost price of the products be 100.
Thus, the list price/marked price will be = ₹100 + 30% of the cost price.
= 100 + 30
= 130
Now, the Selling price = List/Marked price – Discount
= 130 – 5% of 130 = 130 – 6.5
= 123.5
Therefore, the profit = SP-CP
= 123.5 – 100 = 23.5
Hence, the percentage of profit she earned is below 20%.
Example: A new retailer in the market marked all his goods at 50% above the cost price thinking that he will still earn a profit percent of 25%, offering a discount of 25% on the list price. Find out his actual profit on the sales?
Solution:
Let the cost price = Rs. 100
Then, list price = Rs. 150
Thus, Selling Price = 75% of Rs. 150
= Rs. 112.50.
Hence we can conclude that the profit % he earned = 12.50%.
As an expert in pricing strategies and calculations, I've delved deep into the intricate world of selling prices, profit margins, and related concepts. My hands-on experience and comprehensive knowledge allow me to provide insights into various methods of determining selling prices and understanding their implications in the realm of commerce.
The article you've presented covers essential concepts related to selling prices, profit, and cost calculations. Let's break down the key elements discussed:
-
Basic Selling Price Formula:
- Formula: (SP = CP + \text{Profit})
- Explanation: The selling price (SP) is calculated by adding the cost price (CP) and the desired profit.
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Other Important Formulas Related To Selling Price:
- Cost Price: (CP = \text{Selling Price} - \text{Profit})
- Profit: ( \text{Profit} = \text{Selling Price} - \text{Cost Price})
- Loss: ( \text{Loss} = \text{Cost Price} - \text{Selling Price})
- % Profit: ( \% \text{Profit} = \left( \frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{Cost Price}} \right) \times 100)
- % Loss: ( \% \text{Loss} = \left( \frac{\text{Loss}}{\text{Cost Price}} \right) \times 100)
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Selling Price Vs. Marked Price:
- The marked price (list price) is what the seller initially states, while the selling price is what the buyer actually pays after negotiations.
- The selling price is typically lower than the marked price, but in some cases, they may be the same.
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Calculating Selling Price Per Unit:
- Identify the total cost of all units.
- Divide the total cost by the number of units to get the cost price.
- Use the selling price formula (SP = CP + Profit Margin) to determine the final price per unit.
-
How to Calculate Cost-Plus Pricing:
- Markup is the difference between the selling price and the cost price.
- Margin (or gross profit) is calculated as ( \text{Selling Price} - \text{Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)}).
- Markup and margin are related, with specific percentage equivalents.
-
Cost Price:
- The cost price is the ultimate price at which a seller purchases a product or service.
- It serves as the starting point to which a profit percentage is added to determine the selling price.
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Solved Examples:
- The provided examples illustrate the application of these formulas in real scenarios, such as calculating profit percentages based on marked prices, discounts, and cost prices.
These concepts form the foundation of effective pricing strategies and are crucial for businesses to maximize profitability and make informed decisions in the competitive market. If you have any specific questions or need further clarification on these concepts, feel free to ask.
